A correlation is referred as a measure of the extent when the change in 1 variable are associated or followed by the change in the other variable. 2 variables which are connected in such a way are known as bivariate population. Best example, the yield of a crop varies with the amount of rainfall and so on.
A correlation, or bivariate correlation, measures the relationship between 2 variables. The correlation measures the strength of the relationship.
A bivariate correlation is a statistical test which measures the association or relationship between 2 continuous/interval/ordinal level variables. This test will use probability & tell the researcher the nature of the relationship between the 2 variables, but not the direction of the relationship in the sense of describing causality
Correlation coefficients range from -1 to +1. If the bivariate correlation coefficient is -1, the relationship between the 2 variables is perfectly negative, & if the bivariate correlation coefficient is +1, the relationship between the 2 variables is perfectly positive. The closer the correlation coefficient is nearer to -1 or +1, the stronger the relationship. The closer the correlation coefficient is to zero, the weaker the relationship.
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